Empirical Bayes Shrinkage Estimates of State Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation Rates in 2006-2008 for All Eligible People and the Working Poor presents estimates that, for each state, measure the need for SNAP and the program’s effectiveness in each of the three years from 2006 to 2008. The estimated numbers of people eligible for SNAP measure the need for the program. The estimated SNAP participation rates measure, state by state, the program’s performance in reaching its target population. These estimates were derived using “shrinkage” estimation methods. This report examines participation in SNAP, as well as providing broad estimates about its usage nationwide.